Zealandian Submarines 1917-1946
The Zealandian submarine fleet was rather small. The distance from Zealandian
ports to the nearest potential enemy was a vast distance away. Just getting to
an area of operations required what would be known as 'Fleet' submarines, not
because they could operate with the fleet, but because of their size and range.
The Saurichthys class originally had 4 ships but two had been scrapped in the
early 30's and the other two reduced to training boats only. The Grey Havens
Fjord was their training area.
The Otodus class were the first full fleet sized submarines built by the
Zealandian Navy. By the outbreak of WW2 the boats were pretty much obsolete and
were kept to patrol the close areas around Zealandia and were also used as part
of the training fleet.
The Gogonasus class were a mixed submarine minelayer. The rear of the sub was
fitted with a conveyor belt that delivered the loaded mines to the rear of the
ship where they were launched from. The boats were built for offensive
minelaying in enemy waters. Originally a class of three, only two made it to
WW2, one disappeared on a training patrol. Fisherman reported hearing an
explosion in the area the boat was reported to be but never saw anything. It was
decided a mine had a problem within the ship while going through training
evolutions and caused an explosion which sunk the boat. They were found to be
useful boats. One of their main area of operations was around Singapore and the
entrances between the East Indies Islands and the Solomon Islands area where
they laid many small fields that caused many problems and some successes in
sinking and damaging Japanese merchant and warships.
The Ischyodus Class were an experimental type of boat in the submarine cruiser
genre of which many navies were trialing boats to augment their offensive
capabilities. Armed with two twin 6" turrets, it was felt these guns would be
big enough to sink smaller enemy merchantmen with only a few hits and save the
much more expensive torpedoes for the biggest targets.
The Tristychius class was under construction when war broke out and a further
four units were ordered then these were replaced in production by the Arandaspis
class.
The Squalicorax was to be a medium sized boat that could be used in confined
waters or in the open oceans. Higher priorities than submarines meant that
production of the class finished in 1943.
The Arandaspis class were the biggest of the normal fleet submarines to be
deployed into the Pacific. Two squadrons of eight boats each were ordered in
January of 1940 (8) and January 1941 (8) under the Emergency War production
estimates. All 16 boats were completed but the boats still under construction in
1944 had their construction slowed considerably, the last being completed in
February 1946. Rebuilt during the late 40's to early 50's the class served
through to the 1970's
Class Name | Saurichthys | Otodus | Gogonasus | Ischyodus | Tristychius | Squalicorax | Arandaspis |
Date in service | 1917-19 | 1927-33 | 1931-32 | 1935-38 | 1938-42 | 1939-43 | 1942-46 |
Displacement - Surfaced Submerged |
902 1075 |
1310 1900 |
1810 2157 |
2565 2820 |
1300 1600 |
842 990 |
1385 1620 |
Length | 231 | 275 | 293 | 332 | 277 | 217 | 281 |
Breadth | 23 | 28 | 26 | 30 | 26 | 24 | 23 |
Draught | 14 | 15 | 17 | 18 | 14 | 11 | 17 |
Machinery | 2 shaft Diesel/Electric | 2 shaft Diesel/Electric | 2 shaft Diesel/Electric | 2 shaft Diesel/Electric | 2 shaft Diesel/Electric | 2 shaft Diesel/Electric | 2 shaft Diesel/Electric |
Speed - Surfaced Submerged |
17 10 |
16 9 |
16 9 |
22 8 |
16 9 |
15 8 |
19 8 |
Range | 4000 @ 10 knots | 8500 @ 10 surf 70 @ 4 sub |
9000 @ 10 surf 80 @ 5 sub |
4500 @ 20 Surf | 8000 @ 10 surf | ? | 10,500 @ 10 85 @ 5 |
Armament | 2 x 4" (2x1) |
1 x 4" 2 x Lewis mg |
1 x 4" |
4 x 6" |
1 x 4" |
1 x 3" 1 x 20mm 3 x 303 mg |
1 x 4" 1 x 20mm 3 x 303 mg |
Torpedoes | 4 x 18" Bow 2 x 18" beam |
6 x 21" bow 2 x 21" stern 16 reloads |
6 x 21" bow 12 reloads 50 mines |
4 x 21" Bow 12 reloads |
6 x 21" bow 4 x 21" external 6 reloads |
6 x 21" bow 1 x 21" stern 6 reloads |
6 x 21" bow 2 x 21" stern 8 reloads 26 mines |
Complement | 35 | 54 | 59 | 75 | 48 | 49 | 61 |
Number in Service | 2 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 12 | 12 |
Arandaspis class submarine leaving for its war service in 1945.