RZS Harad (CLM-1935)
The Harad class were to be the Zealandian Navies 'offensive' minelayers.
Originally designed 1931/32 when 32 knots was a fast speed for a cruiser sized
vessel. However it is not the other navies ships that make a minelayer
obsolescent, it is the enemies aircraft evolution that makes the difference. As
the speed of aircraft increased the time that a minelayer had to reach its
destination, lay the field and then get away unsighted decreased. Thus the
minelayers speed needed to increase appropriately. What was a good speed in 1935
was woefully inadequate by 1939. Reconnaissance aircraft
were still between 200-250 mph speed, 1939 and they were over 300 mph. If a
reconnaissance aircraft spotted a minelayer, off the enemies coast, then the
whole operation became a waste of time and resources as the enemy would know a
minefield had been laid and would dispatch minesweepers to clear it. It would be
better if an enemy merchantmen, warship, found the field by detonating a couple
of mines and sinking.
The Harad class had to be a multi-role combat craft as there is little need for
an offensive minelayer in peacetime. The Harad class could also be used to carry
troops and supplies on the big mine deck and be used for disaster relief
missions, to put down insurrections in the dependent islands. Plenty of roles
were discovered beside their primary role.
The armament certainly showed where the expected threat would mainly be from -
the air. The twin 4" were also good enough to fight off enemy destroyers,
anything bigger and their speed was supposed to allow them to be able to outrun
the chaser.
Displacement | 5,400 tons std 7,150 tons full load |
Length | 533 ft |
Breadth | 54 ft |
Draught | 18 ft |
Machinery | 2 shaft steam turbines, 70,000shp |
Speed | 32 knots |
Range | 5000 miles at 14 knots, 1800 miles at 30 knots |
Armour | Splinter protection to gun houses. 2" armoured boxes around magazines. |
Armament | 8 x 4" (4x2) 4 x 2pd (1x4) 10 x 20mm (10x1) |
Aircraft | nil |
Mines | 250-300 |
Complement | 510 |
Notes | RZS Harad (07/1935) RZS Nurn (10/1935) |
By 1943 the ships were reduced to defensive minefield laying only. But that
large open mine deck made them very useful for high speed runs with essential
products (medical supplies etc) to those places either under intense enemy
pressure (Malta) or too small to have a normal freighter to stop by. Because
these were modern ships, normal refits were proceeded with throughout their
careers. Below is the ships as they were armed and electronic fittings aboard to
1943.
Displacement | 5,400 tons std 7,150 tons full load |
Length | 533 ft |
Breadth | 54 ft |
Draught | 18 ft |
Machinery | 2 shaft steam turbines, 70,000shp |
Speed | 32 knots |
Range | 5000 miles at 14 knots, 1800 miles at 30 knots |
Armour | Splinter protection to gun houses. 2" armoured boxes around magazines. |
Armament | 8 x 4" (4x2) 12 x 2pd (3x4) 18 x 20mm (6x2 6x1) |
Aircraft | nil |
Mines | 250-300 |
Complement | 530 |