RPN Cataphract (ACR-1908)
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The Cataphract was really the forerunner of the battlecruiser and forced other
navies to look at their own designs. The Royal Navy had been made aware of the
Cataphract by its own diplomats (spies) who kept an eye on what the Commonwealth
Navies were producing. Not all of the innovations came out of Britain or the
USA. The Cataphract was to be an advance on the previous Dragoon class, the
major advance was adding a third twin 10" turret aft to replace the twin 6"
placed there in the Dragoon. To make it somewhat like the semi-dreadnought of
the time, six twin 6" turrets became the secondary armament. This kept the ship
from becoming too large. The Royal Navy built the Invincible class
battlecruisers at a similar time, those ships were considered superior with
their 8x12" armament. The following Skirmisher class added another 10"
turret for four in total, to combat what the Royal Navy had told the world would
be the 9.2" armed Invincible's.
The Cataphract survived the war by being kept in Panagaean waters for all of the
war. It was flagship of the Panagaean Coastal Forces and did a lot of work in
training duties and a lot of sea time on coastal patrols. Trips around the
Pacific carrying the Brass and Politicians, kept the ship busy. Late 1917 and
the Panagaean Admiralty learns of the Royal Navies trials with the Furious for
landing aeroplanes on and off with wheels. Panagaea would also like to follow
these experimental trials with aircraft. Looking round for a suitable ship, the
Cataphract was put in the frame for a look. The Cataphract was ten years old but
already obsolete. The speed of advance of all the warship classes had passed the
Cataphract by. What had happened to the Skirmisher could just as easily have
happened to the Cataphract, being included with other ships, like the early
battlecruisers, and being totally outclassed. The Admiralty decided the
Cataphract would be their trials ship. To that end a flying off platform was
fitted forward from the bridge to the bow giving the aircraft enough length to
take off into the wind plus the ships forward momentum. Aft the X 10" turret,
and aft most 6" turret, were removed and a landing platform fitted from the aft
most funnel to the stern of the ship. In this guise the Cataphract proved it was
possible for wheeled aircraft to land on and take off from a moving ship.
Having proven the concept the Cataphract was taken in hand for a full
conversion, stripping out all of the old weaponry and armour. Utilising whatever
bits of equipment could be transferred across. The extra weight of flight deck
and hangar plating required the ship to be fitted with bulges. This also gave
some protection against underwater damage from mines and/or torpedoes.
The Cataphract joined the fleet in early 1923 and gave valuable experience and
training to the new pilots that would be required once the Formidable and
Vindictive also joined the fleet a few years later. Once those aircraft carriers
had joined, the Cataphract went to its main duties of pilot training and cadet
training. The aft part of the hangar could be split off and sectioned for cadets
or even short term for the transport of troops to a hotspot. When being used for
training the ship would only have half a squadron of bombers and half a squadron
of fighters for its own defence. Twice that number would be carried in war time.
Fast forward to 1939, and the Cataphract is still in commission and doing what
it has for the last 16 years training pilots and cadets. The main change to the
armament is the addition of six quad 0.5" machine guns for AA use. Its wartime
role does not change from its peace time role - train the future aircrew for the
fleet. For another two years the Cataphract stays within Panagaean waters. Then
comes Pearl Harbour and suddenly the Pacific is a dangerous place. The Japanese
could strike anywhere. Panagaea is almost defenseless, all of its best major
warships are in the Atlantic fighting the Germans and Italians. The Cataphract's
main role does not change. Being the Training carrier, but now added to that is
convoy escort from Panagaea to the United States and Canada. The aircraft aboard
ship are six Gloster Griffons and twelve Fairey Swordfish.
June 1942, to stop reinforcements being sent from the US West Coast or Hawaii,
while the main fleet attacks Midway, the Japanese set up two lines of submarines
to intercept any reinforcements. Targets of major interest would obviously be
aircraft carriers. Cataphract is on convoy duty on the route from San Francisco
to Resolution. The ship has its Combat air patrol up and three Swordfish are
roaming around the convoy hunting for subs. 'Contact', the Cataphract launches
two more Swordfish to go to the aid of the aircraft that made contact while a
destroyer and frigate are also sent out to the contact. The convoy moves on. One
of the Combat Air Patrol calls out 'Torpedoes in the water, running North-west
to South-East, turn to North-West to comb the tracks'. The Convoy Commodore
orders the change of course. The Cataphract turns with the rest right into one
torpedo from the original contact. Of the four submarines in the line, only one
is armed with oxygen torpedoes that leave no track, it is one of those that hits
the Cataphract. The hit is on the bulge and causes serious damage and lowers the
speed to 10 knots while the engineers see what can be done. Which is not much.
They can shore up the bulkheads and put a canvas patch across the hole and brace
it. Speed is reduced again to 8 knots. Half the escorts are left behind chasing
contacts and depth charging anything and everything. The original contact is
caught and sunk by the escorts. The convoy carries on to make port at
Resolution, the damaged Cataphract goes into dry dock for the damage to be
surveyed. The survey shows the hull is warped, the damage is terminal. Thought
is given to just sticking a patch over the damage and keeping the ship in home
waters only, to carry on the deck landing role. But the damage was also
affecting the machinery spaces and that spelled the end of the road for the
Cataphract. The ship was parked up against a dock and used as an accommodation
ship for two years then it was removed from the Navy list and scrapped. Three
months later the first of the Centaur class arrives and assumes the duties that
the Cataphract had done.
Displacement | 16,500 tons std, 19,300 tons full load | |
Length | 435 ft | |
Breadth | 76 ft | |
Draught | 25 ft | |
Machinery | 4 shaft, steam turbines, 34,000shp | |
Speed | 26 knots (24 with bulges) | |
Range | 5000 miles at 12 knots | |
Armour | 6" side, 2" deck, 5" turrets | |
Armament | As completed 6 x 10" (3x2) 12 x 6" (6x2) 6 x 4" LA (6x1) 2 x 3" AA (2x1) |
As Training Carrier 4 x 4" AA (4x1) 24 x 0.5" mg |
Aircraft | Nil | up to 24 |
Complement | 630 - 655 as Flagship (740-CVE) | |
Notes | Cataphract - Torpedoed June 1942 - constructive loss, scrapped 1944. |