HMZS Oceania (BB-1941)
The Zeelandian Navy had the two Isengard class battlecruisers under construction
to offset the Japanese Kongo and Kanto class battlecruisers. They were a fine
design and would prove useful in the role of cruiser killers. But... they would
not be able to stand against even the older Japanese battleships of the Hyuga
(12x14") type or the even larger Nagato type (8x16"). Something bigger with
better teeth and armour was required.
Laid down in 1937 and 1938, the Oceania class added two ships of better
capabilities than the battlecruisers under construction. The Oceania was given
high priority of double shifts, on the outbreak of the Second World War, so that
it would be completed in early 1941, at least 6 months ahead of schedule. The
second ship, Zeelandia, had its production stopped while priorities were sorted
out. In July of 1940 the Zealandia was repurposed as an aircraft carrier.
Construction being restarted with the new plans being drawn up.
The removal of the 13" armoured belt gave a large head start for the weight
needed to fit the flight deck and hangar above the main deck. The ship had a
large reserve of buoyancy and was able to make the hangar with twenty feet of
headroom. This allowed all of the larger aircraft of 1943 forward to be able to
be operated from the ship.
The Zeelandian Navy was able to put a Taskforce together with the five aircraft
carriers and three modern battleships of its fleet being the core units. The
Taskforce operated on the fringes of the main battles as coverage to stop any
outflanking maneuvers by Axis forces. Its finest hour was when the fleet sank
three aircraft carriers, one battlecruiser, two cruisers and a destroyer in one
day. The Taskforce had been used as the cleanup force after the battle of Cape
Engano and been tasked with sinking the cripples.
Both ships survived the war, the Oceania being used as fleet flagship. The
Oceania was surveyed to have the aft end converted to carry missiles but it was
decided that two of the cruisers would be converted instead. Oceania was kept as
a bombardment unit and was used in this role at Korea and Vietnam. 1980 and the
Oceania was removed from service and scrapped. The Zeelandia was converted twice
to improve its capabilities. First time in 1954-57 was to install the angled
deck and other landing on improvements to hand. Second conversion work made the
ship better able to operate Sea Harrier aircraft.
The Zeelandia operated off Korea with the Allied forces, and off Vietnam with
the US forces, and its final battles were around the Falkland Islands in 1982.
Hit by three Exocet missiles, the Zeelandia was on fire for two days. The ship
was completely burnt out and had to be abandoned and the hulk sunk by friendly
forces.
Displacement | 37,500 tons std 42,500 tons full load | 39,000 tons std, 44,000 tons full load |
Length | 750 ft | 766ft |
Breadth | 106 ft | 106 ft hull |
Draught | 30 ft | 30 ft |
Machinery | 4 shaft steam turbines, 140,000shp | 4 shaft steam turbines, 140,000shp |
Speed | 30 knots | 30 knots |
Range | 10,000 miles at 14 knots | 10,000 miles at 14 knots |
Armour | 13" side, 6" deck, 13"/11"/9" turrets | 4" side, 4" deck, 4" box round magazines |
Armament | Version 1. BB 9 x 15" (3x3) 20 x 4.5" (10x2) 60 x 40mm (15x4) |
Version 2. CV 16 x 4" (8x2) 48 x 40mm (12x4) |
Aircraft | 2 | 54 |
Complement | 1790 (1840 as Flagship) | 2200 (2250 flagship) |
Notes | HMZS Oceania (1941) removed from active list 1978,
scrapped 1980. HMZS Zeelandia (1943) Sunk at the Battle of the Falklands Islands 1982. |
Developed by the Commonwealth Air Corporation (CAC) in both Australis and
Zeelandia, the Whirlwind 2 long range strike fighter was a mating of the
original Westland Whirlwind with the Merlin engine. The aircraft became
reliable, faster and with a much longer range. Due to the larger powered
propulsion units the aircraft was able to carry a lot more ordinance to make it
a much more versatile unit. Navalised for use off the larger carriers it gave
the carriers an exceptional reconnaissance aircraft that was able to look after
itself.