RPN Mandarin (1942-44)
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Experience with the Fennec Fox 4" conversions showed the Panagaean Navy that
small anti-aircraft cruisers would be of great value to support the new classes
of aircraft carriers. The Citrus class would use the 4.5" gun system with the
twin 4.5" power operated turrets with power assisted loading as well. Firing 54
pound shells at over ten rounds a minute they made very efficient destroyer
killers and were very good for putting up AA barrage fire to keep the bombers
high. With a decent 34 knot speed they could be used as destroyer leaders when
the need arose.
A further four were to be built with completion in 1945-46, but these were
cancelled in favour of more escorts. The electronics were continually upgraded.
The class was lucky in that the 'Dutch' Bofors mounting was available for
fitting from new. The ships had busy wars with the fleet, one would act as
Captain 'D' in charge of the destroyers while the other three to five would be
placed round the fleet in their AA role. So that they could act better with the
destroyers they were fitted with Asdic and Hedgehog anti-submarine mortars. None
of the regular depth charges were carried, just the Hedgehog, one either side of
the bridge.
All six Citrus class survived World War 2, Korea, Malaya and the South China
Seas. Mid-fifties and the class is 10-12 years old and looking to have another
20 years of service in front of them. The aircraft carriers would still need AA
cruisers to guard them in the new Jet era. The Serval had just been sent off to
the US Navy for a Surface to air missile conversion, and it was felt the smaller
Citrus class ships would not be big enough to have a Terrier conversion but
would be suitable to be converted to carry Sea Slug and Sea Cat missile
launchers for long and short range Surface to Air Missile (SAM) defense systems.
That would be fitted aft while the forward 4.5" turrets would be replaced with
the twin 3"/L70 automatic mountings. Those were also a very good AA weapon that
could also be used for ship to ship work. The previous anti-submarine sensors
and weaponry were removed as there was not enough room to fit the enhanced
sensors and weapons that were available in the late 1950's early 1960's.
Displacement | 6,800 tons std, 8,450 tons full load | |
Length | 546 ft | |
Breadth | 55 ft | |
Draught | 17 ft | |
Machinery | 4 shaft, steam turbines, 90,000shp | |
Speed | 34 knots | |
Range | 8000 miles at 15 knots | |
Armour | 2" side, 2" deck | |
Armament | As Built 1942 12 x 4.5"" (6x2) 22 x 40mm (11x2) |
Sea Slug Conversion 1 x twin Sea Slug launcher 2 x Quad SeaCat launcher 6 x 3"/L70 (3x2) Auto 4 x 40mm Mk-V (2x2) |
Torpedoes | 6 x 21" (2x3) | nil |
Complement | 490 | |
Notes | Mandarin Pomelo Tangerine Citronella Grapefruit Lime |
Trials with Sea Slug were in the early 50's.